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What is the standard deviation?

The standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion of a group of values. It indicates how far the values deviate from the mean (arithmetic average) of a group. It is a quantitative indicator of the variance in a set of data.

What is a nonparametric test?

A nonparametric test is a statistical test that does not require any assumptions about the distribution of the data. They are particularly useful when you have data that is not normally distributed or when you do not have information about the distribution available. Nonparametric tests tend to be less powerful than parametric tests, but in many cases they can be used to test the same hypotheses.

What is a confidence interval?

A confidence interval is an interval that bounds an estimate of an unknown quantity. It gives a probability that the unknown quantity lies within the confidence interval. Confidence intervals are a common tool in statistics for making an estimate of an unknown quantity. They are often used to assess the accuracy of the estimate and to make predictions about a specified population.

What is a normal distribution?

A normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution that can be described as a symmetrical "bell"-shaped curve pattern. It is also referred to as the Gaussian normal distribution or Gaussian distribution. It is the most commonly used distribution in statistics. In a normal distribution, the values are arranged so that the average values are in the middle and the extreme values are at the edge.

What is data visualization?

Data visualization is a technique that allows complex data sets and information to be presented and interpreted in a visual form. These visualizations can be created as charts, maps, tables, networks, graphs, infographics, or other visual forms. They can help us see trends, patterns, and relationships in data, and they allow us to more easily understand and analyze the information.